aston martin james bond casino royale

Introduction The James Bond film series is renowned for its high-octane action sequences, intricate plots, and, of course, the iconic cars driven by the suave secret agent, 007. One of the most memorable vehicles in the Bond franchise is the Aston Martin DB5, which has appeared in numerous films. However, in the 2006 film “Casino Royale,” Bond drives a different Aston Martin model: the DBS. This article delves into the Aston Martin DBS from “Casino Royale” and its significance in the film.

  • Lucky Ace Palace
    new
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Cash King Palace
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Flush Lounge
    Opulent Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

aston martin james bond casino royale

Introduction

The James Bond film series is renowned for its high-octane action sequences, intricate plots, and, of course, the iconic cars driven by the suave secret agent, 007. One of the most memorable vehicles in the Bond franchise is the Aston Martin DB5, which has appeared in numerous films. However, in the 2006 film “Casino Royale,” Bond drives a different Aston Martin model: the DBS. This article delves into the Aston Martin DBS from “Casino Royale” and its significance in the film.

The Aston Martin DBS in Casino Royale

Design and Features

  • Model: The DBS in “Casino Royale” is a sleek, modern interpretation of the classic Aston Martin design. It features a 6.0-liter V12 engine, producing 510 horsepower and 420 lb-ft of torque.
  • Appearance: The car is painted in a deep metallic gray, giving it a sophisticated and understated look that complements Bond’s character.
  • Special Features: The DBS is equipped with several gadgets, including a hidden compartment for weapons and a defibrillator, which Bond uses to revive Vesper Lynd.

Significant Scenes

  • Montenegro Chase: One of the most thrilling sequences in “Casino Royale” involves Bond driving the DBS through the mountainous roads of Montenegro. This high-speed chase showcases the car’s agility and power, as Bond navigates hairpin turns and evades enemies.
  • Crash Sequence: The DBS meets its demise in a dramatic crash scene where Bond deliberately flips the car to avoid a collision with an oncoming truck. This scene not only highlights the car’s safety features but also Bond’s quick thinking and resourcefulness.

Bond and the Aston Martin Legacy

Continuity and Change

  • Evolution of Bond’s Car: While the DB5 is perhaps the most iconic Bond car, the DBS in “Casino Royale” represents a shift towards a more contemporary and dynamic vehicle. This change reflects the evolution of the Bond character under Daniel Craig’s portrayal, who is more gritty and less reliant on gadgets.
  • Brand Association: Aston Martin has long been associated with the James Bond franchise, and the DBS continues this tradition. The car’s appearance in “Casino Royale” further solidifies Aston Martin’s status as a symbol of luxury and performance.

Impact on the Automotive World

  • Sales Boost: The DBS’s appearance in “Casino Royale” significantly boosted Aston Martin’s sales and brand visibility. The car’s sleek design and high-performance capabilities appealed to both Bond fans and automotive enthusiasts.
  • Cultural Impact: The DBS has become an iconic vehicle in its own right, thanks to its role in “Casino Royale.” It has been featured in various automotive publications and remains a popular choice among car collectors.

The Aston Martin DBS in “Casino Royale” is more than just a car; it is a symbol of the film’s modern take on the James Bond character. Its sleek design, powerful performance, and memorable scenes make it a standout vehicle in the Bond franchise. As Aston Martin continues to evolve, its association with James Bond ensures that the brand remains synonymous with luxury, style, and adventure.

casino royale trivia

“Casino Royale,” a 2006 film directed by Martin Campbell, is the 21st installment in the James Bond series. Starring Daniel Craig in his debut as the iconic British spy, the film is known for its thrilling action sequences, sophisticated plot, and memorable characters. Here are some fascinating trivia bits about “Casino Royale” that even the most ardent Bond fans might not know.

The Origins of Casino Royale

  • First James Bond Novel: “Casino Royale” is the first novel by Ian Fleming featuring James Bond. It was published in 1953 and introduced readers to the suave, sophisticated, and deadly MI6 agent.
  • Multiple Adaptations: Before the 2006 film, “Casino Royale” had been adapted several times, including a 1954 television episode, a 1967 satirical film, and a 1956 radio adaptation.

Casting Daniel Craig

  • Controversial Choice: When Daniel Craig was cast as James Bond, it sparked significant controversy. Many fans and critics doubted his ability to embody the classic Bond persona.
  • Support from Fleming: Interestingly, Ian Fleming, the creator of James Bond, once mentioned in a 1968 interview that he envisioned a blond Bond. Craig’s casting aligns with this vision.

Filming Locations

  • Czech Republic: The film’s opening sequence, featuring a high-octane parkour chase, was shot in the Czech Republic, specifically in the town of Karlovy Vary.
  • Italy: The climactic poker game was filmed in the historic Villa del Balbianello on the shores of Lake Como in Italy.

The Poker Game

  • Texas Hold’em: The high-stakes poker game in “Casino Royale” is Texas Hold’em, a popular variant of poker. The game was chosen because it was gaining immense popularity at the time of filming.
  • Real Poker Players: Several professional poker players were consulted to ensure the authenticity of the poker scenes, including the late poker legend, Doyle Brunson.

Bond’s First Kill

  • Emotional Depth: In “Casino Royale,” Bond’s first kill is a significant moment that adds emotional depth to his character. The scene where he shoots the traitorous MI6 agent, Dryden, is one of the most intense and pivotal moments in the film.

The Aston Martin DBS

  • Bond’s Car: The Aston Martin DBS, driven by Bond in the film, is one of the most iconic cars in the James Bond series. The car features a variety of gadgets, including a defibrillator, which comes in handy during the film.
  • Car Crash: One of the most memorable scenes involving the DBS is the high-speed car chase and subsequent crash. The car was designed to be crash-proof, allowing for a spectacular and safe stunt.

The Theme Song

  • Chris Cornell: The theme song “You Know My Name” was performed by the late Chris Cornell, lead singer of the rock band Soundgarden. It was the first time in decades that a James Bond theme song did not feature the film’s title in the lyrics.
  • Collaboration: The song was co-written by David Arnold, who composed the film’s score, and Chris Cornell. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.

The Ending

  • Happy Ending: The film ends on a hopeful note, with Bond and Vesper Lynd (played by Eva Green) sharing a romantic moment by the ocean. This ending contrasts with the darker, more tragic conclusion of the novel.
  • Sequel Setup: The final scene, where Bond receives his iconic 007 gun and is informed that he has “orders to kill,” sets the stage for the more ruthless and morally complex Bond seen in subsequent films.

“Casino Royale” is not just a thrilling action film but also a rich tapestry of intriguing details and trivia. Whether you’re a Bond aficionado or a casual viewer, these trivia bits add an extra layer of enjoyment to the cinematic experience.

aston martin 007 casino royale

The Aston Martin DB5, a legendary British sports car, has been an integral part of the James Bond franchise since its introduction in the 1964 film “Goldfinger.” However, it made a triumphant return in the 2006 film “Casino Royale,” marking its first appearance in a Daniel Craig-led Bond film. This article delves into the Aston Martin DB5’s role in “Casino Royale” and its significance in the world of cinema and automotive history.

The Aston Martin DB5: A Brief Overview

The Aston Martin DB5, first produced in 1963, is often regarded as one of the most iconic cars in automotive history. Its sleek design, powerful engine, and association with James Bond have cemented its place in popular culture. The DB5 was designed by Italian coachbuilder Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera and was powered by a 4.0-liter inline-six engine, producing 282 horsepower.

Key Features of the DB5

  • Design: The DB5 features a timeless, elegant design with a long hood, short rear deck, and a spacious interior.
  • Performance: It can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in approximately 7.1 seconds and has a top speed of around 140 mph.
  • Technology: The car is equipped with various gadgets, including a bulletproof shield, revolving license plates, and a passenger ejector seat.

The Aston Martin DB5 in “Casino Royale”

In “Casino Royale,” the Aston Martin DB5 is featured in a thrilling chase sequence set in Madagascar. Bond, played by Daniel Craig, uses the car to pursue a bomb-maker through a construction site, showcasing the vehicle’s agility and power.

The Madagascar Chase Scene

  • Action-Packed Sequence: The chase scene is one of the highlights of the film, featuring high-speed maneuvers, jumps, and close calls.
  • Gadgets in Action: Although not as heavily equipped with gadgets as in previous films, the DB5 still manages to impress with its performance and handling.
  • Symbolism: The return of the DB5 in “Casino Royale” symbolizes the legacy of James Bond and the enduring appeal of the Aston Martin brand.

The Legacy of the Aston Martin DB5

The Aston Martin DB5’s appearance in “Casino Royale” not only paid homage to its iconic status but also reinforced its place in the Bond franchise. The car’s design and performance have made it a favorite among car enthusiasts and Bond fans alike.

Impact on the Automotive Industry

  • Cultural Icon: The DB5 is often cited as one of the most famous cars in the world, thanks in part to its association with James Bond.
  • Influence on Design: The car’s design has influenced numerous other sports cars, both in terms of aesthetics and performance.
  • Collector’s Item: The DB5 is highly sought after by collectors, with prices for original models reaching millions of dollars.

The Aston Martin DB5’s appearance in “Casino Royale” is a testament to its enduring legacy and iconic status. As one of the most recognizable cars in the world, the DB5 continues to captivate audiences and car enthusiasts alike. Its role in the James Bond franchise has solidified its place in both automotive and cinematic history, making it a true legend in its own right.

casino royale car chase

The car chase scene in the 2006 film Casino Royale, starring Daniel Craig as James Bond, has become a memorable moment in the franchise’s history. In this article, we’ll delve into the details of this thrilling sequence and explore its significance within the context of the movie.

The Background: A High-Stakes Pursuit

Casino Royale marks a fresh start for the James Bond film series, bringing a new tone and direction to the character. One of the pivotal moments in the story is a high-stakes poker game at the Casino Royale in Montenegro, where Bond faces off against Le Chiffre, a private banker turned terrorist financier. This confrontation ultimately leads to a thrilling car chase scene.

The Car Chase Scene: A Masterclass in Film-Making

The car chase sequence begins with Bond pursuing Dimitrios, a henchman of Le Chiffre, through the winding roads of the Mediterranean countryside. With a sleek Aston Martin DBS V12 driven by Bond, and a Sunroof convertible Audi A3 piloted by Dimitrios, the two vehicles engage in an intense and action-packed pursuit.

Key features of this car chase scene include:

  • High-speed action: The sequence seamlessly blends high-octane driving with stunning cinematography, showcasing the cars’ impressive capabilities.
  • Stunning stunts: The film’s stunt team delivers a series of daring maneuvers, including close calls and near-misses that add to the excitement.
  • Intelligent direction: Director Martin Campbell masterfully weaves together the visuals, sound effects, and editing to create an immersive experience.

Behind-the-Scenes: A Collaborative Effort

The success of this car chase scene can be attributed to a collaborative effort between various departments:

  • Stunt team: The stunt performers and coordinators worked tirelessly to ensure the safety of the cast and crew while delivering high-quality stunts.
  • Special effects: The special effects team added visual depth to the sequence, creating smoke screens, debris, and other visual elements that enhanced the overall impact.
  • Sound design: The sound engineers crafted an immersive audio experience, with precise timing and placement of sound effects that heightened the tension.

Legacy: A Lasting Impact on Car Chase Scenes

The Casino Royale car chase scene has had a lasting impact on the film industry, inspiring countless imitators and influencing future action movies. Its influence can be seen in various aspects:

  • Future Bond films: The success of this sequence set the tone for subsequent Bond films, which have continued to push the boundaries of high-octane action scenes.
  • Other franchises: The film’s innovative approach has been emulated by other movie series, such as Mission: Impossible and Fast & Furious.

The car chase scene in Casino Royale is an unforgettable moment that showcases the franchise’s ability to deliver thrilling, high-stakes action. As a testament to the collaborative effort of various departments, this sequence serves as a benchmark for future action movies.

Frequently Questions

What type of Aston Martin did James Bond drive in Casino Royale?

In the 2006 film 'Casino Royale,' James Bond, portrayed by Daniel Craig, drives an Aston Martin DBS V12. This iconic sports car features a 6.0-liter V12 engine, producing 510 horsepower, and is known for its sleek design and high performance. The DBS V12 is a modern interpretation of the classic Aston Martin, perfectly suited for Bond's sophisticated and adventurous lifestyle. Its appearance in 'Casino Royale' further cemented Aston Martin's association with the legendary spy, enhancing the brand's allure and Bond's image as a suave, high-stakes operator.

What Aston Martin model was featured in the 007 Casino Royale movie?

The Aston Martin DBS V12 was prominently featured in the 2006 James Bond film 'Casino Royale.' This sleek, high-performance sports car, driven by Daniel Craig's 007, became an iconic symbol of the film's thrilling chase scenes. The DBS V12, with its powerful engine and elegant design, perfectly embodies the sophistication and danger associated with the Bond character. Its appearance in 'Casino Royale' not only showcased Aston Martin's engineering prowess but also reinforced the brand's long-standing association with the James Bond franchise.

 

What Aston Martin did James Bond choose in Casino Royale?

In 'Casino Royale,' James Bond, portrayed by Daniel Craig, drives an Aston Martin DBS V12. This iconic car features a 6.0-liter V12 engine, producing 510 horsepower, and is known for its sleek design and high-performance capabilities. The DBS V12 is a fitting choice for Bond, reflecting his taste for luxury and speed. This model, introduced in 2007, became synonymous with the modern Bond era, enhancing the film's action sequences and Bond's sophisticated image.

What is the iconic car driven by James Bond in Casino Royale?

In 'Casino Royale,' James Bond drives an Aston Martin DBS V12, a sleek and powerful sports car that epitomizes his sophisticated and daring persona. This iconic vehicle, with its 510 horsepower engine and advanced technology, perfectly complements Bond's high-stakes missions. The DBS V12's striking design and performance capabilities make it a standout choice, symbolizing Bond's taste for luxury and his need for speed. This car's appearance in the film not only enhances the action sequences but also reinforces the enduring bond between Aston Martin and the James Bond franchise.

What is the iconic car driven by James Bond in Casino Royale?

In 'Casino Royale,' James Bond drives an Aston Martin DBS V12, a sleek and powerful sports car that epitomizes his sophisticated and daring persona. This iconic vehicle, with its 510 horsepower engine and advanced technology, perfectly complements Bond's high-stakes missions. The DBS V12's striking design and performance capabilities make it a standout choice, symbolizing Bond's taste for luxury and his need for speed. This car's appearance in the film not only enhances the action sequences but also reinforces the enduring bond between Aston Martin and the James Bond franchise.